Treatment of neovascular glaucoma by anti-vascular endothelial growth factor combined with ultrasonic ciliary plasty / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of ultrasonic ciliary plasty(UCP)combined with injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)in the treatment of neovascular glaucoma(NVG).METHODS: A total of 30 NVG patients(30 eyes)admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College from September 2020 to September 2021 were selected. After admission, all the eyes of the patients were injected with anti-VEGF drug(ranibizumab). After surgery, 15 patients were randomly selected for UCP treatment(UCP group), and the other 15 patients received trabeculectomy(trabeculectomy group). During the 10mo postoperative follow-up, the decrease of intraocular pressure was compared between the two groups and the changes of the degree of ocular pain and the occurrence of related complications were evaluated at each follow-up visit.RESULTS: The intraocular pressure and pain degree of the UCP and trabeculectomy groups were significantly lower than those before operation, and the complication probability of the UCP group was less than that of the trabeculectomy group.CONCLUSION: With fewer complications and high safety, UCP combined with anti-VEGF injection can effectively control intraocular pressure and pain in NVG patients.

Yinlai Decoction Protects Microstructure of Colon and Regulates Serum Level of D-Lactic Acid in Pneumonia Mice Fed with High-Calorie and High-Protein Diet / 中国结合医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effect of Yinlai Decoction (YD) on the microstructure of colon, and activity of D-lactic acid (DLA) and diamine oxidase (DAO) in serum of pneumonia mice model fed with high-calorie and high-protein diet (HCD).@*METHODS@#Sixty male Kunming mice were randomly divided into 6 groups by the random number table method: normal control, pneumonia, HCD, HCD with pneumonia (HCD-P), YD (229.2 mg/mL), and dexamethasone (15.63 mg/mL) groups, with 10 in each group. HCD mice were fed with 52% milk solution by gavage. Pneumonia mice was modeled with lipopolysaccharide inhalation and was fed by gavage with either the corresponding therapeutic drugs or saline water, twice daily, for 3 days. After hematoxylin-eosin staining, the changes in the colon structure were observed under light microscopy and transmission electron microscope, respectively. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the protein levels of DLA and DAO in the serum of mice.@*RESULTS@#The colonic mucosal structure and ultrastructure of mice in the normal control group were clear and intact. The colonic mucosal goblet cells in the pneumonia group tended to increase, and the size of the microvilli varied. In the HCD-P group, the mucosal goblet cells showed a marked increase in size with increased secretory activity. Loose mucosal epithelial connections were also observed, as shown by widened intercellular gaps with short sparse microvilli. These pathological changes of intestinal mucosa were significantly reduced in mouse models with YD treatment, while there was no significant improvement after dexamethasone treatment. The serum DLA level was significantly higher in the pneumonia, HCD, and HCD-P groups as compared with the normal control group (P<0.05). Serum DLA was significantly lower in the YD group than HCD-P group (P<0.05). Moreover, serum DLA level significantly increased in the dexamethasone group as compared with the YD group (P<0.01). There was no statistical significance in the serum level of DAO among groups (P>0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#YD can protect function of intestinal mucosa by improving the tissue morphology of intestinal mucosa and maintaining integrity of cell connections and microvilli structure, thereby reducing permeability of intestinal mucosa to regulate the serum levels of DLA in mice.

Effects of Sevoflurane and Propofol on Neurological Recovery of Traumatic Brain Injury Patients in the Early Postoperative Stage: A Retrospective Cohort Study / 中国医学科学杂志(英文版)

Objective To investigate the effects of propofol and sevoflurane on neurological recovery of traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients in the early postoperative stage.Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of TBI patients who underwent craniotomy or decompressive craniectomy. Generalized additive mixed model (GAMM) was used to analyze effects of propofol and sevoflurane on Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) on postoperative days 1, 3, and 7. Multivariate regression analysis was used to analyze effects of the two anesthetics on Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) at discharge.Results A total of 340 TBI patients were enrolled in this study. There were 110 TBI patients who underwent craniotomy including 75 in the propofol group and 35 in the sevoflurane group, and 134 patients who underwent decompressive craniectomy including 63 in the propofol group and 71 in the sevoflurane group. It showed no significant difference in GCS at admission between the propofol and the sevoflurane groups among craniotomy patients (β = 0.75, 95%CI: -0.55 to 2.05, P = 0.260). However, elevation in GCS from baseline was 1.73 points (95%CI: -2.81 to -0.66, P = 0.002) less in the sevoflurane group than that in the propofol group on postoperative day 1, 2.03 points (95%CI: -3.14 to -0.91, P < 0.001) less on day 3, and 1.31 points (95%CI: -2.43 to -0.19, P = 0.022) less on day 7. The risk of unfavorable GOS (GOS 1, 2, and 3) at discharge was higher in the sevoflurane group (OR = 4.93, 95%CI: 1.05 to 23.03, P = 0.043). No significant difference was observed among two-group decompressive craniectomy patients in GCS and GOS.Conclusions Compared to propofol, sevoflurane was associated with worse neurological recovery during the hospital stay in TBI patients undergoing craniotomy. This difference was not detected in TBI patients undergoing decompressive craniectomy.

Mechanism of Xuebijing Injection in treatment of sepsis-associated ARDS based on network pharmacology and in vitro experiment / 中国中药杂志

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect and molecular mechanism of Xuebijing Injection in the treatment of sepsis-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS) based on network pharmacology and in vitro experiment. The active components of Xuebijing Injection were screened and the targets were predicted by the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform(TCMSP). The targets of sepsis-associated ARDS were searched against GeneCards, DisGeNet, OMIM, and TTD. Weishengxin platform was used to map the targets of the main active components in Xuebijing Injection and the targets of sepsis-associated ARDS, and Venn diagram was established to identify the common targets. Cytoscape 3.9.1 was used to build the "drug-active components-common targets-disease" network. The common targets were imported into STRING for the building of the protein-protein interaction(PPI) network, which was then imported into Cytoscape 3.9.1 for visualization. DAVID 6.8 was used for Gene Ontology(GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG) enrichment of the common targets, and then Weishe-ngxin platform was used for visualization of the enrichment results. The top 20 KEGG signaling pathways were selected and imported into Cytoscape 3.9.1 to establish the KEGG network. Finally, molecular docking and in vitro cell experiment were performed to verify the prediction results. A total of 115 active components and 217 targets of Xuebijing Injection and 360 targets of sepsis-associated ARDS were obtained, among which 63 common targets were shared by Xuebijing Injection and the disease. The core targets included interleukin-1 beta(IL-1β), IL-6, albumin(ALB), serine/threonine-protein kinase(AKT1), and vascular endothelial growth factor A(VEGFA). A total of 453 GO terms were annotated, including 361 terms of biological processes(BP), 33 terms of cellular components(CC), and 59 terms of molecular functions(MF). The terms mainly involved cellular response to lipopolysaccharide, negative regulation of apoptotic process, lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway, positive regulation of transcription from RNA polyme-rase Ⅱ promoter, response to hypoxia, and inflammatory response. The KEGG enrichment revealed 85 pathways. After diseases and generalized pathways were eliminated, hypoxia-inducible factor-1(HIF-1), tumor necrosis factor(TNF), nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-κB), Toll-like receptor, and NOD-like receptor signaling pathways were screened out. Molecular docking showed that the main active components of Xuebijing Injection had good binding activity with the core targets. The in vitro experiment confirmed that Xuebijing Injection suppressed the HIF-1, TNF, NF-κB, Toll-like receptor, and NOD-like receptor signaling pathways, inhibited cell apoptosis and reactive oxygen species generation, and down-regulated the expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in cells. In conclusion, Xuebijing Injection can regulate apoptosis and response to inflammation and oxidative stress by acting on HIF-1, TNF, NF-κB, Toll-like receptor, and NOD-like receptor signaling pathways to treat sepsis-associated ARDS.

Improving the understanding of PI-RADS in practice: characters of PI-RADS 4 and 5 lesions with negative biopsy / 亚洲男科学杂志(英文版)

The Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) has good ability to identify the nature of lesions on prostate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). However, some lesions are still reported as PI-RADS 4 and 5 but are biopsy-proven benign. Herein, we aimed to summarize the reasons for the negative prostate biopsy of patients who were assessed as PI-RADS 4 and 5 by biparameter MRI. We retrospectively sorted out the prostate MRI, treatment, and follow-up results of patients who underwent a biparameter MRI examination of the prostate in The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing, China) from August 2019 to June 2021 with PI-RADS 4 and 5 but a negative biopsy. We focused on reviewing the MRI characteristics. A total of 467 patients underwent transperineal prostate biopsy. Among them, biopsy pathology of 93 cases were negative. After follow-up, 90 patients were ruled out of prostate cancer. Among the 90 cases, 40 were considered to be overestimated PI-RADS after review. A total of 22 cases were transition zone (TZ) lesions with regular appearance and clear boundaries, and 3 cases were symmetrical lesions. Among 15 cases, the TZ nodules penetrated the peripheral zone (PZ) and were mistaken for the origin of PZ. A total of 17 cases of lesions were difficult to distinguish from prostate cancer. Among them, 5 cases were granulomatous inflammation (1 case of prostate tuberculosis). A total of 33 cases were ambiguous lesions, whose performance was between PI-RADS 3 and 4. In summary, the reasons for "false-positive MRI diagnosis" included PI-RADS overestimation, ambiguous images giving higher PI-RADS, diseases that were really difficult to distinguish, and missed lesion in the initial biopsy; and the first two accounted for the most.

Clinical analysis of 4 acute ischemic stroke children treated with endovascular thrombectomy / 中华儿科杂志

Objective: To assess the feasibility of endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) in children. Methods: Clinical data and follow-up information of 4 AIS children who received EVT in the Department of Intervention & Hemangioma at the Children's Hospital of the Capital Institute of Pediatrics from December 2020 to June 2021 were collected retrospectively. The vascular recanalization after EVT was assessed by the modified thrombolysis in cerebral infarction (mTICI) score. Efficacy outcomes were assessed with initial and postprocedural Pediatric National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (PedNIHSS) score, and the modified Rankin scale (mRS) score at 3 and 6 months after treatment. Safety assessments included perioperative complications and intracranial hemorrhage post-treatment. Results: A total of 5 EVT treatment were performed on 4 children with AIS, of whom 3 were male. The age of onset was 4.6, 13.8, 7.8, 8.0, 8.9 years, respectively. The time from symptom onset to initiation of EVT was 19.0, 25.0, 22.0, 4.0, 16.5 hours, respectively and all patients achieved successful recanalization of the vessel after EVT (mTICI≥2b). The PedNIHSS score was 39, 14, 25, 39, 24 before treatment and decreased to 8, 1, 12, 39, 5 at discharge. All the procedures were performed with no perioperative complications. Only 1 patient with congenital heart disease had a recurrent AIS with malignant brain oedema and brain hernia. Although the occluded vessels were successfully recanalized,the symptoms were not improved and this patient died after treatment abandonment. The other 3 patients achieved good recovery at 6 months postoperatively. The mRS score of 3 patients was 3, 1, 2 at 3 months after EVT and decreased to 2, 1, 1 at 6 months. Conclusion: EVT treatment may be feasible and safe for pediatric AIS due to large vessel occlusion even when the treatment was initiated 6 hours post stroke, but children with heart disease may have a dismal prognosis.

Identification and 3D architecture analysis of the LIPC gene mutation in a pedigree with familial hypercholesterolemia-like phenotype / 中华心血管病杂志

Objective: To identify and analyze 3D architecture of the mutational sites of susceptible genes in a pedigree with familial hypercholesterolemia-like phenotype (FHLP). Methods: This is a case series study. A pedigree with suspected familial hypercholesterolemia was surveyed. The proband admitted in Beijing Anzhen Hospital in April 2019. Whole-exome sequencing was performed to determine the mutational sites of susceptible genes in the proband. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) sequencing was used to verify the pathogenic variant on proband's relatives. The structural and functional changes of the proteins were analyzed and predicted by Discovery Studio 4.0 and PyMol 2.0. Results: The patients in the pedigree showed abnormal lipid profiles, especially elevated levels of total cholesterol(TC). The genetic screening detected the c.1330C>T SNP in the exon 8 of lipase C (LIPC) gene, this mutation leads to an amino acid substitution from arginine to cysteine at position 444 (Arg444Cys), in the proband and proband's father and brother. In this family, members with this mutation exhibited elevated TC, whereas lipid profile was normal from the proband's mother without this mutation. This finding indicated that LIPC: c.1330C>T mutation might be the mutational sites of susceptible genes. The analysis showed that Arg444Cys predominantly affected the ligand-binding property of the protein, but had a limited impact on catalytic function. Conclusion: LIPC: c.1330C>T is a new mutational site of susceptible genes in this FHLP pedigree.

Clinical features and prognostic factors of elderly patients with mantle cell lymphoma / 中华血液学杂志

Objective: To examine the clinical characteristics and prognostic factors of elderly patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) and the impact of nutrition and underlying diseases on the prognosis of elderly patients with MCL. Methods: retrospectively analyzed 255 elderly patients with MCL from 11 medical centers, including Peking University Third Hospital between January 2000 and February 2021. We analyzed clinical data, such as age, gender, Mantle Cell Lymphoma International Prognostic Index score, and treatment options, and performed univariate and multivariate prognostic analysis. We performed a comprehensive geriatric assessment on elderly MCL patients with medical records that included retraceable underlying disease and albumin levels, and we investigated the impact of basic nutrition and underlying disorders on MCL prognosis in the elderly. Results: There were 255 senior individuals among the 795 MCL patients. Elderly MCL was more common in males (78.4%), with a median age of 69 yr (ages 65-88), and the majority (88.6%) were identified at a late stage. The 3-yr overall survival (OS) rate was 42.0%, with a 21.2% progression-free survival (PFS) rate. The overall response rate (ORR) was 77.3%, with a 33.3% total remission rate. Elderly patients were more likely than younger patients to have persistent underlying illnesses, such as hypertension. Multivariate analysis revealed that variables related with poor PFS included age of ≥80 (P=0.021), Ann Arbor stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ (P=0.003), high LDH level (P=0.003), involvement of bone marrow (P=0.014). Age of ≥80 (P=0.001) and a high LDH level (P=0.003) were risk factors for OS. The complete geriatric assessment revealed that renal deficiency was associated with poorer OS (P=0.047) . Conclusions: Elderly MCL patients had greater comorbidities. Age, LDH, renal function, bone marrow involvement, and Ann Arbor stage are all independent risk factors for MCL in the elderly.

Do matrix metalloproteinase and cathepsin K inhibitors work synergistically to reduce dentin erosion?

Abstract Objectives To evaluate the effects of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) and cathepsin K (catK) inhibitors on resistance to dentin erosion. Methodology A total of 96 dentin specimens (3×3×2 mm) were prepared and randomly assigned into four groups (n=24): deionized water (DW); 1 µM odanacatib (ODN, catK inhibitor); 1 mM 1,10-phenanthroline (PHEN, MMP inhibitor); and 1 µM odanacatib + 1 mM 1,10-phenanthroline (COM). Each group was further divided into two subgroups for the application of treatment solutions before (PRE) and after erosive challenges (POST). All specimens were subjected to four daily erosive challenges for 5 d. For each erosive challenge, the specimens in subgroup PRE were immersed in the respective solutions before cola drinks, while the specimens in subgroup POST were immersed in the respective solutions after cola drinks (the immersion duration was 5 min in both cases). All specimens were stored in artificial saliva at 37°C between erosive challenges. The erosive dentin loss (EDL) was measured by profilometry. The residual demineralized organic matrix (DOM) of specimens was removed using type VII collagenase and evaluated by profilometry. Both the EDL and thickness of the residual DOM were statistically analyzed by two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Bonferroni's test (α=0.05). The surface topography and transverse sections of the specimens were observed using SEM. MMPs and catK were immunolabeled in the eroded dentin and in situ zymography was performed to evaluate the enzyme activity. Results Significantly lower EDL was found in the groups ODN, PHEN, and COM than in the control group (all p<0.05), while no significant difference in EDL was found among the groups ODN, PHEN, and COM (all p>0.05). The application sequence showed no significant effect on the EDL of the tested groups (p=0.310). A significantly thicker DOM was observed in the group ODN than in the control group regardless of the application sequence (both p<0.05). The treatment with ODN, PHEN, and COM inhibited the gelatinolytic activity by approximately 46.32%, 58.6%, and 74.56%, respectively. Conclusions The inhibition of endogenous dentinal MMPs and catK increases the acid resistance of human dentin but without an apparent synergistic effect. The inhibition of MMPs and catK is equally effective either before or after the acid challenge.

Gut microbiota as a target for traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of cardiovascular disease: potential mechanisms and therapy strategies / 药学学报

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major contributor to patient deaths worldwide, and its pathogenesis is complex and mortality rates are increasing every year. Numerous researches have shown that the gut microbiota and its metabolites were closely associated with the development of CVD, and gut microbiota was expected to be a potential new target for the treatment of CVD. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), characterized by its multi-component, multi-target and integrity, can play a therapeutic role in CVD by regulating the gut microbiota, which has obvious advantages in stabilizing the disease, improving heart function and enhancing quality of life, and is an ideal intestinal microecological regulator. Therefore, this review will mainly discuss the intimate association of gut microbiota and its metabolites with CVD, and the therapeutic strategies of TCM targeting gut microbiota to improve CVD, including regulating the composition of gut microbiota, protecting the intestinal mucosal barrier, influencing the intestinal immune function and modulating the metabolites of gut microbiota, in order to provide a reference for the research of TCM targeting gut microbiota for CVD.

Trichostatin C attenuates TNFα-induced inflammation in endothelial cells by up-regulating Krüppel-like factor 2 / 药学学报

Krüppel-like transcription factor 2 (KLF2) plays a key regulatory role in endothelial inflammation, thrombosis, angiogenesis and macrophage inflammation and polarization, and up-regulation of KLF2 expression has the potential to prevent and treatment atherosclerosis. In this study, trichostatin C (TSC) was obtained from the secondary metabolites of rice fermentation of Streptomyces sp. CPCC 203909 as a KLF2 up-regulator by using a high throughput screening model based on a KLF2 promoter luciferase reporter assay. TSC significantly inhibited the adhesion of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) induced monocytes (THP-1) to human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Western blot results showed that TSC decreased TNFα induced the protein expression increase of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), and thereby inhibited endothelial inflammation. The results of histone deacetylase (HDAC) overexpression and molecular docking experiments showed that TSC upregulated the expression of KLF2 by inhibiting subtypes of HDAC 4/5/7. In conclusion, this study suggests that TSC up-regulates the expression of KLF2 through inhibiting HDAC 4/5/7 and thus inhibits TNFα induced endothelial inflammation, and it has the potential to prevent and treat atherosclerosis.

Effects and mechanisms of curcumin on apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells in chronic ocular hypertension rats / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM:To investigate the effects and mechanisms of curcumin on apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells(RGCs)in chronic ocular hypertension rats.METHODS:A total of 21 Spraque-Dawley(SD)rats were randomly divided into 3 groups with 7 rats in each group. The rat models of chronic ocular hypertension were established by cauterization of the superior scleral veins in the high intraocular pressure model group and the curcumin treatment group, and the sham operation group only cut the conjunctiva without the cauterization of the superior scleral veins; the rats in the curcumin treatment group were intragastrically treated with curcumin at a dose of 4mL/kg, and the rats in the sham operation group and the high intraocular pressure model group were treated with pure water at a dose of 4mL/kg for 3wk. After 3wk, HE staining was used to observe the morphological and pathological changes of retina, the number of RGCs and the thickness of ganglion cell layer(GCL)in each group of rats; TUNEL staining was used to observe the apoptosis of RGCs and retinal cells in each group of rats; the expression levels of glutamate-cysteine ligase modifier subunit(GCLM)and heme oxygenase-1(HO-1)in the retina of each group of rats were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR, immunohistochemical staining and Western blot.RESULTS:Compared with the sham operation group, the retinal morphology of rats in the high intraocular pressure model group and the curcumin treatment group was disorganized, the number of RGCs was reduced, the GCL was thinner, the apoptosis rate of RGCs and retinal cells increased, and the expression levels of GCLM and HO-1 increased. Compared with the high intraocular pressure model group, the retinal morphology of rats in the curcumin treatment group was basically normal, the number of RGCs increased, the GCL thickened, the apoptosis rate of RGCs and retinal cells decreased, and the expression levels of GCLM and HO-1 increased.CONCLUSION:Curcumin can inhibit the apoptosis of RGCs in the rat model of chronic ocular hypertension by up-regulating the expression of antioxidant genes GCLM and HO-1.

Epidemiological characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis among the elderly population at ages of 65 years and older in Yangzhou City / 预防医学

Objective@#To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) among the elderly at ages of 65 years and older in Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province from 2017 to 2021, so as to provide the evidence for the development of PTB prevention and control measures in the elderly. @*Methods@#Data of PTB cases at ages of 65 years and older in Yangzhou City from 2017 to 2021 were collected from the Tuberculosis Management Information System of the Chinese Disease Control and Prevention Information System, including age, gender, current address, population classification and diagnosis classification. Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the temporal distribution, regional distribution, population distribution and delay in healthcare-seeking of PTB cases.@*Results@#A total of 3 283 PTB patients at ages of 65 years and older were registered in Yangzhou City from 2017 to 2021, accounting for 41.12% of the total number of PTB cases. The incidence decreased from 112.10/105 to 66.03/105 (P<0.05), with an average annual incidence of 80.43/105. There were 1 236 cases of PTB cases from April to July, accounting for 37.65%. Guangling District had the highest annual incidence of 96.45/105, followed by Hanjiang District (89.29/105) and Jiangdu district (87.05/105). The average annual incidence of PTB in males was 134.07/105, which was higher than that in females (30.55/105, P<0.05). There were 1 070 cases of PTB cases at ages of 65-69 years, accounting for 32.59%. The highest incidence was seen in men at ages of 85 years and older (200.39/105) and in women at ages of 80-84 years (38.34/105). Farmers were the predominant occupation of PTB cases (2 488 cases, 75.78%). There were 2 365 cases of PTB with delay in healthcare-seeking, accounting for 72.04%.@* Conclusions @#The incidence of PTB in the elderly at ages of 65 years and older in Yangzhou City showed an overall downward trend from 2017 to 2021, peaked from April to July, and was higher in Guangling District, Hanjiang District and Jiangdu District. Males and farmers had higher risks of PTB.

Clinical application of non-invasive myocardial work imaging in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction patients with left ventricular remodeling after percutaneous coronary intervention / 中华超声影像学杂志

Objective:To explore the application value of non-invasive myocardial work imaging in evaluating the cardiac function of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients with left ventricular remodeling (LVR) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).Methods:One hundred and twenty-six patients with STEMI undergoing PCI in General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University from December 2021 to September 2022 were prospectively collected and divided into left ventricular remodeling group (LVR group, 34 cases) and non left ventricular remodeling group (NLVR group, 92 cases) according to whether there was left ventricular remodeling 3 months after surgery. General data were collected. Routine echocardiography and noninvasive myocardial work imaging were performed before, 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months after surgery, the differences in the above parameters between the two groups were compared. Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between the indicators.Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the independent risk factors of left ventricular remodeling after STEMI, and a predictive model was obtained. The diagnostic value of the model was judged by ROC curve.Results:①General information comparison: There were statistically significant differences between the two groups in BMI, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, average number of stents implanted, and history of hyperlipidemia (all P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in other data (all P>0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in two-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography (2D-TTE) parameters and non-invasive myocardial work (MW) parameters between the two groups before and 1 week after operation (both P>0.05). ②2D-TTE parameter comparison: LVESV and LVEDV at 3 months after PCI in the LVR group were significantly higher than those in the NLVR group, and LVEF and E/A were significantly lower than those in the NLVR group (all P<0.05); There were no significant differences in other indexes between the two groups by conventional echocardiography at 3 months after PCI(all P>0.05). ③Comparisons of noninvasive myocardial work parameters: GLS, GWE, GWI, GCW at 1 month and 3 months after PCI in the LVR group were significantly lower than those in the NLVR group, and GWW were significantly higher than those in the NLVR group ( P<0.001). ④Correlation analysis: GLS, GWE, GCW, GWI and LVEDV were negatively correlated at 1 month after operation ( r=-0.42, -0.38, -0.50, -0.53, all P<0.001), GWW was positively correlated with LVEDV ( r=0.45, P<0.001). ⑤Logistic regression analysis: GLS<17%, GCW<1 900 mmHg%, GWW>105 mmHg%, and GWE<90 mmHg% at 1 month after PCI were independent predictors for LVR in STEMI patients after PCI (all P<0.05). The predictive model was Logit (P)=0.692GLS+ 0.804GCW+ 0.972GWW+ 0.880GWE. The AUC of this model was 0.886, 95% CI=0.845-0.926, which was significantly higher than single index, the sensitivity was 0.86, and the specificity was 0.79. Conclusions:GLS, GWE, GWI, GCW are positively correlated with LVR, while GWW is negatively correlated with left ventricular remodeling. Noninvasive myocardial work parameters are independent risk factors for left ventricular remodeling in patients with STEMI after PCI surgery. This technique can be used to evaluate LVR and has great clinical application value.

Discovery of human pancreatic lipase inhibitors from root of Rhodiola crenulata via integrating bioactivity-guided fractionation,chemical profiling and biochemical assay / 药物分析学报

Although herbal medicines(HMs)are widely used in the prevention and treatment of obesity and obesity-associated disorders,the key constituents exhibiting anti-obesity activity and their molecular mechanisms are poorly understood.Recently,we assessed the inhibitory potentials of several HMs against human pancreatic lipase(hPL,a key therapeutic target for human obesity),among which the root-extract of Rhodiola crenulata(ERC)showed the most potent anti-hPL activity.In this study,we adopted an integrated strategy,involving bioactivity-guided fractionation techniques,chemical profiling,and biochemical assays,to identify the key anti-hPL constituents in ERC.Nine ERC fractions(retention time=12.5-35 min),obtained using reverse-phase liquid chromatography,showed strong anti-hPL activity,while the major constituents in these bioactive fractions were subsequently identified using liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry(LC-Q-TOF-MS/MS).Among the identified ERC constituents,1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-galloyl-β-D-glucopyranose(PGG)and catechin gallate(CG)showed the most potent anti-hPL activity,with pIC50 values of 7.59±0.03 and 7.68±0.23,respectively.Further investigations revealed that PGG and CG potently inhibited hPL in a non-competitive manner,with inhibition constant(Ki)values of 0.012 and 0.082 μM,respectively.Collectively,our integrative analyses enabled us to efficiently identify and characterize the key anti-obesity constituents in ERC,as well as to elucidate their anti-hPL mechanisms.These findings provide convincing evidence in support of the anti-obesity and lipid-lowering properties of ERC.

Dysbiosis of lung commensal bacteria in the process of lung epithelial-mesenchymal transition in mice with silicosis / 中国职业医学

@#Objective - To investigate the effect of lung flora dysbiosis on the process of pulmonary fibrosis and lung epithelial （ ） Methods - mesenchymal transition EMT in mice with silicosis. Male C57BL/6 mice of specific pathogen free grade were ， ， ， （ ） randomly divided into the blank control group silicosis model group solvent control group vancomycin VM + ampicillin （ ） ， （ ） （ ） ， AMP group metronidazole MNZ + neomycin NEO group and mixed treatment group 12 mice in each group. Except for ， ， the blank control group which was given 20.0 µL of 0.9% NaCl solution the other five groups of mice were dosed with 20.0 µL of silica dust suspension at a mass concentration of 250.0 g/L using a single tracheal drip to establish the silicosis mouse model. ： The intranasal drip method was used to treat silicosis mice in each group as following mice in the solvent control group were - ； ； given double distilled water mice in the VM+AMP group were given VM at a mass concentration of 0.5 g/L and AMP at 1.0 g/L ； mice in the MNZ+NEO group were given MNZ at a mass concentration of 1.0 g/L and NEO at 1.0 g/L mice in the mixed ， treatment group were given the same doses of the four antibiotics mentioned above all in a drip volume of 50.0 µL. Silicosis ， ， mice were treated seven days and half an hour before silica dusting and 7 14 and 21 days after silica dusting. Mouse lungtissue was collected aseptically 28 days after silica dusting. Hematoxylin eosin and Masson trichrome staining methods were - used to observe the pathological changes. Western blotting was used to detect the relative protein expression of α smooth muscle （ - ）， - （ - ） （ ） actin α SMA E cadherin E CAD and vimentin VIM . Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the relative expression of - - E CAD and VIM. Real time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the expression levels of （Col1a2） Results collagen type Ⅰ alpha 2 mRNA in lung tissues. The histopathological results showed that the alveoli of the ， blank control group were thin and structurally intact with few surrounding infiltrating inflammatory cells and no abnormal ， distribution of collagen fibers. The alveoli of the silicosis model group were structurally disorganized with a large number of ， ， infiltrating inflammatory cells thickened alveolar walls and cellular fibrous nodules with abundant blue collagen deposit. In the ， ， VM+AMP group MNZ+NEO group and the mixed treatment group the inflammation and fibrosis were reduced with diferent degrees in the lung tissues compared to the silicosis model group and the solvent control group. The relative expression levels of - ， Col1a2 α SMA VIM protein and mRNA in lung tissues of mice in the silicosis model group were higher than those in the blank （ P ）， -CAD control group all <0.05 and the relative expression levels of E protein were lower than those in the blank control （P ） - ， Col1a2 group <0.05 . The relative expression levels of α SMA VIM protein and mRNA in lung tissues of mice in the MNZ+ （ P ）， -CAD NEO group and the mixed treatment group were lower all <0.05 and the relative expression levels of E protein were （P ）， Conclusion higher <0.05 when compared with the silicosis model group and the solvent control group. Pulmonary fibrosis ， - was reduced in silicosis mice with interventions in lung flora where anaerobic and gram negative bacteria affected pulmonary fibrosis and dysbiosis of the lung flora affected pulmonary EMT.

Analysis of hemagglutinin-neuraminidase gene characteristics of human parainfluenza virus type 3 among children with acute respiratory tract infection in Qingdao city / 中华预防医学杂志

The purpose was to discuss the infection status of human parainfluenza virus type 3 (HPIV-3) in children with acute respiratory tract infection(ARTI) in Qingdao, Shandong province, and to analyze the gene characteristics of HPIV-3 hemagglutinin-neuraminidase protein (HN). This study was a cross-sectional study. A total of 1 674 throat swab samples were collected randomly from children with ARTI, in the three hospitals (Qingdao Women and Children's Hospital, West Coast Branch of Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Laoshan Branch of Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University) from January 2018 to December 2019. Multiplex real-time fluorescence RT-PCR was performed to screen HPIV-3 positive specimens. For HPIV-3 positive specimens, nested PCR was used to amplify the full-length HN gene of HPIV-3. The HN gene was sequenced and compared with the representative strains of HPIV-3 in GenBank, and the phylogenetic tree was established. As results, this study collected 1 674 samples, in which there were 90 HPIV-3 positive samples showed and the detection rate was 5.37%. Among positive specimens, the number of samples from children under 6 years old was 88, accounting for 97.78%. HPIV-3 positive cases were mainly distributed in spring and summer. The full-length sequences of 44 HPIV-3 HN genes were obtained by nested PCR method. Sequence alignment and evolutionary analysis showed that the HPIV-3HN gene belonged to the C3a and C3b branches of C3 genotype, with 30 strains of subtype C3a and 14 strains of subtype C3b. The nucleotide and amino acid homology of the amplified 44 strains of the HPIV-3 HN gene in Qingdao were 97.0%-100.0% and 98.5%-100.0%, respectively. In conclusion, from 2018 to 2019, the C3a and C3b branches of HPIV-3 C3 genotype were circulating prevalent in Qingdao, Shandong province. HN gene variation rate was low, but showed certain regional characteristics in evolution.

Mechanism of Yiqi Jiedu Prescriptions in Protection of Mitochondria in PC12 Cells Against Hypoxia Injury Based on Energy Metabolism / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo establish an evaluation method for mitochondrial energy metabolism with Seahorse analyzer and investigate the protective effect of Yiqi Jiedu prescriptions （YQ） on mitochondria in rat adrenal pheochromocytoma （PC12） cells against hypoxia injury. MethodThe PC12 cell injury model was induced in vitro using hypoxic chambers. Five groups were set up， ie， a control group， a model group （model）， high- （25 µmol·L-1）， medium- （5 µmol·L-1） and low-dose （1 µmol·L-1） YQ groups， and a positive drug trimetazidine （TMZ） group， with three replicate wells in each group. The experiment was repeated three times. The established method for energy metabolism analysis was used to assay the activity of mitochondrial complex in cells and screen the optimal dosing concentration. Subsequently， the YQ group and modified YQ groups were set up， and the aerobic respiration and glycolysis function were assayed by the Seahorse analyzer. According to the non-mitochondrial oxygen consumption， proton leakage， basal respiration， maximum respiration， ATP production， and potentially improved respiration， the effects of modified YQ groups on the aerobic respiration of mitochondria damaged by hypoxia were evaluated by principal component analysis （PCA） and variable importance in projection （VIP）. The expression of cytochrome C， B-cell lymphoma-2 （Bcl-2）， and Bcl-2-associated X protein （Bax） was detected by Western blot. ResultCompared with the groups of other concentrations， the optimal dosing concentration of carbonyl cyanide-4 （trifluoromethoxy）phenylhydrazone （FCCP） was 2 µmol·L-1. Compared with the model group， the medium-dose YQ group showed enhanced mitochondrial complex activity （P<0.05）. The YQ groups were superior to the model group in improvement （P<0.01）. The combination of ginsenoside and geniposide showed the optimal effect among the modified YQ groups （P<0.01）. VIP analysis revealed that for the improvement of mitochondrial respiratory function， the contribution of geniposide in YQ was the greatest. Compared with the model group， the high-dose YQ group displayed reduced leakage of mitochondrial cytochrome C （P<0.01）， decreased expression of Bax protein （P<0.01）， and increased expression of Bcl-2 protein （P<0.05， P<0.01）. ConclusionA cellular， high-throughput quantitative evaluation method for mitochondrial energy metabolism was established， which demonstrated that YQ could significantly improve the impaired mitochondrial energy metabolism in PC12 cells damaged by hypoxia， and the underlying mechanism might be related to the protection against mitochondrial apoptosis.

Effect of bone cement distribution on the clinical outcome of unilateral transpedicular puncture for spinal osteoporotic fractures / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effects of different bone cement morphology distribution on the clinical efficacy of unilateral percutaneous vertebroplasty(PVP) for spinal osteoporotic fractures.@*METHODS@#The clinical data of 66 patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures received unilateral PVP treatment from January 2019 to April 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 16 males and 50 females, including 83 vertebral bodies, 45 thoracic vertebrae and 38 lumbar vertebrae, and 55 patients with single-segment, 6 double-segment, 4 three-segment and 1 four-segment. The age ranged from 60 to 93 years with an average of (76.83±8.65) years. The included patients were admitted to hospital 1 to 10 days after onset, and were diagnosed by anteroposterior and lateral X-rays, MRI and bone density examination before surgery. According to the shape of bone cement in postoperative X-ray, the patients were divided into O-shaped group (28 cases) and H-shaped group (38 cases). In O-shaped group, the bone cement presented agglomeration mass distribution in the affected vertebra in postoperative X-ray while the bone cement presented disseminated honeycomb distribution in the affected vertebrae in H-shaped group. Bone cement injection volume was collected in two groups. The intraoperative bone cement leakage and postoperative adjacent vertebral fractures were observed. The VAS of the two groups before operation and 1 day, 1 month, 6 months and 1 year after operation were compared;and ODI of the two groups 1 day, 6 months and 1 year after operation were compared. The kyphosis angle and anterior height of the affected vertebrae were measured before operation and 1 week, 1 year after operation.@*RESULTS@#All 66 patients completed 1-year follow-up, and all patients healed well at the puncture site after surgery. There were 1 case and 8 cases of bone cement leakage in O-shaped group and H-shaped group during surgery respectively (P<0.05), but no serious complications occurred. One case occurred adjacent vertebral fracture in both groups during one-year follow-up (P>0.05). There was no statistical significance in injection amount of bone cement between the two groups (P>0.05). The VAS scores of O-shaped group and H-shaped group were 7.89±0.79, 2.75±1.08, 0.46±0.58, 0.36±0.49 and 8.00±1.04, 2.58±1.15, 0.53±0.56, 0.42±0.50 before operation, 1 day, 6 months, 1 year after operation respectively, and there was no statistical significance(P>0.05), and the VAS scores were 0.96±0.58 and 1.18±0.83 at 1 month after operation respectively, with statistical significance(P<0.05). The ODI scores of O-shaped group and H-shaped group were 12.43±3.78, 10.00±2.46, 8.43±1.50 and 12.11±3.68, 9.53±2.35, 8.32±1.51 at 1 day, 6 months and 1 year after surgery respectively, and there was no statistical significance between the two groups(P>0.05). There were no statistical significance in kyphotic angles and anterior height before surgery and 1 week, 1 year after surgery between two groups (P>0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#No matter the distribution of bone cement is O-shape or H-shape, it can achieve good clinical effect, and the prognosis effect is equivalent. Therefore, when performing unilateral puncture PVP surgery, it is not necessary to deliberately increase the puncture angle of the puncture needle in order to achieve the full diffusion of the affected vertebrae, so as to reduce the risk of damaging important structures and bone cement leakage.

Research progress on the factors influencing the bonding effect of universal adhesives on tooth tissues / 口腔疾病防治

@#Universal adhesives have been widely used in dentistry due to their easy application process and wide range of applications. In the literature, the etching modes of universal adhesives, coating methods of universal adhesives, pretreatment of adhesive, and other factors were reported to have an impact on the bonding performance of universal adhesives. This review focused on the factors affecting the bonding performance of universal adhesives and aimed to provide evidence-based recommendations for clinical practice. Current research suggests that the etch-and-rinse mode can achieve a better adhesive strength of enamel and that the etch-and-rinse mode and the self-etch mode exhibit a similar adhesive performance in bonding dentin. The bond strength would be improved by prolonging the application time, applying a double layer of adhesives, and wetting enamel and dentin with water or ethanol before adhesive procedures. Chlorohexidine (0.2%) and metal nanoparticles can inhibit matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and improve the long-term bond strength of dentin. Finally, universal adhesives have excellent stability and saliva pollution resistance, although they lack blood pollution resistance. In the clinic, dentists should pay attention to the etching modes of universal adhesives, coating methods of universal adhesives, pretreatment of adhesive, and other factors that may affect the effect strength. universal adhesives will be improved in bonding strength of enamel in self-etch mode and bonding performance in demineralized dentals around caries.